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Genetic Engineering Mcqs

Q:

The term ‘endonuclease’ refers to cutting the DNA sequence from ______________

A) only within the polynucleotide chain, not at the ends B) the ends of the chain
C) anywhere in the chain D) exactly in the middle of the chain
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) only within the polynucleotide chain, not at the ends

Explanation: The cleavage is done within the polynucleotide chain and not at the ends. The enzyme which cuts the sequence at the ends is known as exonuclease.

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317
Q:

Choose the incorrect statement for the method homopolymer tailing.

A) The first step is the RNA: DNA hybrid synthesis B) Terminal transferase is used for the addition of nucleotides on 3’ end
C) Terminal transferase adds only at DNA strands D) The DNA strand is now having known sequence at 3’ end
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) Terminal transferase adds only at DNA strands

Explanation: Homolpoymer tailing is also used for cDNA synthesis. The first step remains same as the other methods, which is the synthesis of RNA: DNA hybrid. It is then treated by terminal transferase, the enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides on 3’ end of both DNA and RNA. The 3’ end is now having a known DNA sequence and it is used as a tail in the reaction.

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246
Q:

Primers are generally ____________

A) 20-30 nucleotides long B) 40-50 nucleotides long
C) as long as the template is D) taken according to the amount available
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) 20-30 nucleotides long

Explanation: Primers are generally short in length. They are 20-30 nucleotides long. It is easier to match short primers with the template in comparison to long primers. But in the case of eukaryotic DNA as a template, long primers are preferred.

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230
Q:

Which of the following is favoured for primer design?

A) The melting temperature should be different for both the primers B) Primers should be long in length
C) Primers should not be complementary to each other D) Matching should be of whole primer to the template
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) Primers should not be complementary to each other

Explanation: Primers should not be complementary to each other. It is so because if they are complementary, primer dimer formation takes place. If primer dimer is formed, proper elongation won’t be taking place.

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229
Q:

Phage based recombination systems are used for ____________

A) cleaving the molecules at specific sites B) adding the molecules at specific sites
C) breakage and rejoining the molecules at specific sites D) breakage at random sites
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) breakage and rejoining the molecules at specific sites

Explanation: Phage based recombination systems are used for breaking and rejoining the molecules at specific sites and not at random sites.

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191
Q:

What will be the consequence of not having an origin of replication (ori) in the vector?

A) If an ori is absent, replication of vector would not take place B) As the cells divide after taking up the vector, both the daughter cells would be having the vector
C) A colony of transformed colonies is observed D) The vector won’t be taken up by the cell
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: A) If an ori is absent, replication of vector would not take place

Explanation: In the case ori is absent, the vector won’t be able to replicate. As the replication won’t take place, only one of the daughter cells would be having the vector. A colony of transformed colonies won’t be obtained. The puc18 ori came from a plasmid in clinical bacterial isolate and was called as pMB1.

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189
Q:

Isoschizomers are defined as ___________

A) enzymes having same recognition sequence and always cutting at the same site B) enzymes having same recognition sequence and always cutting at different site
C) enzymes having different recognition site and cutting at the same site D) enzymes having same recognition site and they may or may not cut at the same site
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: D) enzymes having same recognition site and they may or may not cut at the same site

Explanation: Isoschizomers are the enzymes which are having same recognition sequence but they necessarily don’t cut at the same site. DraI and AhaIII both recognize and cleave at TTT|AAA, whereas on the other hand, ApaI cuts at GGGCC|C and Bspl20I cuts at G|GGCCC.

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150
Q:

Choose the incorrect statement with respect to rolling circle replication.

A) It is for a single replication fork and yields a concatemeric molecule B) Staggered cleavage of DNA takes place at the cos sites
C) The cleavage generates 10 nucleotide long overhangs D) Without the cos sites, the packaging won’t be possible
 
Answer & Explanation Answer: C) The cleavage generates 10 nucleotide long overhangs

Explanation: The second phase constitutes of rolling circle mode. It is done with a single replication fork and yields concatemeric molecules. They are required for assembly into mature phage particles. The packaging region should be flanked by the cos sites. Phage DNA is inserted into the phage head and the cos sites are brought adjacent to each other. It is followed by cleavage at cos sites and it leaves 12 nucleotide long staggered ends. The cos sites are required for packaging to take place.

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